International Journal of Telemedicine and Digital Health
MixedMethods Research in Public Health: Theoretical Foundations and Practical Applications
Abstract
Amanuel Yoseph
Contemporary public health issues are often complex, multifaceted, and deeply embedded in social contexts. These challenges necessitate research approaches capable of providing both breadth and depth of understanding. Mixed methods research (MMR), which combines qualitative and quantitative methodologies, offers a comprehensive strategy for addressing these complexities. MMR enables researchers to build on the strengths of both paradigms, thereby producing findings that are more robust, nuanced, and grounded in diverse forms of evidence. Despite its increasing use in public health particularly in low- and middle-income countries -many researchers lack a clear understanding of MMR’s theoretical foundations and practical implementation. This article provides an in-depth review of the philosophical roots, methodological debates, research designs, sampling strategies, integration techniques, and analytical considerations associated with MMR. It also highlights the conditions under which MMR is most appropriate, outlines its key benefits and limitations, and illustrates its application in public health contexts. The goal is to support researchers and practitioners in using MMR effectively to investigate and address complex health issues.