Holistic Approaches in Mental Health and Wellness
Optimizing Performance in Female Discus Throwers: A Holistic Approach to Strength, Technique, and Biological Factors
Abstract
Somanpreet Singh, Rakesh Kumar Yadav, Rohit Kumar, Vikas Sehrawat, Chetna, Manoj Kumar Dhadwal, Pooja Nitharwal, Narendra Gangwar and Neha Baghel
This research explores the multifaceted approach to enhancing performance in female discus throwers through strength and conditioning, technical training, and consideration of biological determinants. A structured 25-week periodized training macrocycle, emphasizing hypertrophy, maximal strength, and power phases, has demonstrated significant improvements in muscle strength and throwing performance (up to 10.9% in competitive outcomes). Key exercises such as snatch, clean, and squat enhance absolute strength and triple extension, critical for effective throwing mechanics. Biological factors, including muscle architecture (vastus lateralis thickness, fascicle length), lean body mass, and neural activation, play a pivotal role in performance, with type II muscle fibers (>60% CSA) strongly correlated with throw distance. Technical training addresses common errors in back rotation and balance, utilizing tools like lighter discus and plyometrics to improve release speed and coordination without compromising form. Dietary supplements (e.g., beta-alanine, caffeine) and psychological strategies like guided imagery further support performance gains. This study underscores the need for individualized, gender-specific training programs that integrate physiological, technical, and psychological elements to optimize outcomes while minimizing injury risk. Broader implications include the potential health benefits of strength training for female athletes, such as improved metabolic health and injury prevention.