International Journal Evolving Sustainable and Renewable Energy Solutions
Innovative Pathways for Sustainable Aviation Fuel Production: Leveraging Used Cooking Oil as High Potentials Feedstocks
Abstract
Loso Judijanto
The air transport sector is under increasing demand to cut carbon emissions and support international sustainability initiatives. One viable solution to address this challenge is the development of Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF), with used cooking oil (UCO) emerging as a highly promising feedstock. This paper explores innovative methods for converting UCO into SAF, focusing on the Hydroprocessed Esters and Fatty Acids (HEFA) process, which is recognized for its commercial viability and environmental benefits. The review emphasizes the notable decrease in greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from the use of SAF produced from used cooking oil, compared to traditional fossil-derived jet fuel, along with the ecological benefits of repurposing waste materials. Nonetheless, the study identifies several challenges, including limitations in UCO collection systems, unequal distribution of feedstock across regions, and the necessity for comprehensive policy backing to enable production scale-up. It highlights the critical role of regulatory support, financial incentives, and international cooperation in addressing these challenges. In addition, future prospects such as the advancement of novel conversion technologies and synergistic use of UCO with other biomass sources are discussed as strategic directions for improving SAF’s sustainability and production capacity. In conclusion, UCO stands out as a practical and eco-friendly alternative to support the aviation industry’s transition towards reduced carbon emissions, while delivering both ecological and economic advantages.