Journal of Geosciences, Earth and Planetary Systems
Light Paths at Earth, in the Planetary System, at Atoms, and in the Universe: Discovery of Sub-Relativistic Light Paths
Abstract
Hans-Otto Carmesin
In space navigation, the real nature of space is essential. Therefore, the International Astronomical Union (IAU) recommended to use the Geocentric Celestial Reference System (GCRS) near Earth, and to utilize the Barycentric Celestial Reference System for spaceflight in the planetary system. Moreover, the IAU proclaimed to solve the problem to find an Adequate Coordinate System (ACS). That problem has been solved with help of a measurement procedure, and, independently, by using fundamental interactions, see. Here, the ACS and the Equation of Time Dilation (ETD) are deduced simultaneously by a third independent method, an analytic derivation from geometry [1-3]. This method is especially traceable, transparent, founded, valuable, and insightful. In addition to that derivation of spacetime’s structure of time and space, spacetime’s structure of light paths is derived. For it, the light clock is used as a link. Moreover, it is deduced, why the Experiment (MME) did not find an expected nonzero velocity [4]. Furthermore, sub-relativistic light paths are discovered. These describe spacetime’s structure in fine detail beyond General Relativity Theory (GRT) and Special Relativity Theory (SRT). With it, length contraction is explained in realistic detail. Therefrom, it is deduced how time elapses in a universal manner in each atom nucleus, atom, at Earth, in the planetary system, and in the universe.