Biosys Journal Biotechnology & Bioengineering
Floriculture: Innovations Driving Science, Economy and Sustainable Flower Production
Abstract
V Basil Hans and Sowmya T
The growing of flowering and decorative plants, or floriculture, is part of horticulture and has evolved into a significant aspect of global commerce, farming, and culture. Flowers have been valued since the earliest civilizations for their beauty, symbolic meaning, and economic worth. Today, floriculture includes post-harvest handling, biotechnology, value addition, environmental stewardship, and foreign trade along with beauty. As a result of the increased need for cut flowers, potted plants, landscape plants, and floral products such as essential oils and natural dyes, the floriculture industry has seen extensive growth on the international front. Floriculture’s historical development, modes of production, economic contributions, innovations in technology, and emerging trends are all thoroughly addressed throughout this article. Biotechnology applications, climate-smart agriculture, sustainable farming, digitization, and future prospects are especially emphasized. The article also addresses such topics as post-harvest losses, pest management, price volatility, and environmental issues. Researchers, policymakers, businesspersons, and students who wish to study floriculture as a scientific, profitable, and environmentally friendly venture may refer to this review.