Reviews in Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences
Pharmacogenetic Implications in the Clinical Approach to Antiretroviral Therapy. a Systematic Review
Abstract
Geysson Orlando Rico-Lezcano, Luis Abel Quiñones and Nelson Miguel Varela
Introduction: Medicine Based on the PharmacoGenomics (MBPG) of antiretroviral agents against HIV is undergoing key advances in recent years, which can optimize the efficacy and safety of these treatments and improve the quality of life of each patient in practice clinic.
Objective: To carry out a review based on the pharmacogenetic implications in the clinical response of antiretrovirals, to support decision-making, and contribute to the definition of new strategies in precision medicine.
Results: Of a total of 259 articles identified in the information search, 31 met the inclusion criteria. An association was found between abacavir, HLA-B*5701 and hypersensitivity; efavirenz and CYP2B6 QT prolongation; increased plasma levels of dolutegravir and raltegravir associated with UGT1A1; tenofovir, renal failure and ABCC.
Conclusion: Pharmacogomics in HIV is advancing rapidly. There are several antiretroviral treatments (ART) that should be monitored to improve clinical results and personalize drug treatment; It is necessary to implement more studies that include other variants (SNPs), adherence rates, pharmacoeconomics, and other biomarkers that confirm new genetic polymorphisms and their response associated with the efficacy and safety of ART.