Journal of Molecular Genetics and Gene Research

Signal Transduction

Signal transduction is the process by which a chemical or physical signal is transmitted through a cell as a series of molecular events, most commonly protein phosphorylation catalyzed by protein kinases, which ultimately results in a cellular response. Signal transduction relies on proteins known as receptors, which wait for a chemical, physical, or electrical signal. Chemical signals are called ligands, and can be produced by organisms to control their body or received from the environment. Regardless of which type of signal, it must be transferred throughout the body and across cell membranes.

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